{"id":14709,"date":"2026-03-27T13:24:40","date_gmt":"2026-03-27T10:24:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aimojaz.com\/?page_id=14709"},"modified":"2026-04-28T00:50:26","modified_gmt":"2026-04-27T21:50:26","slug":"neuro_tests","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/aimojaz.com\/ar\/neuro_tests\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0625\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"14709\" class=\"elementor elementor-14709\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-69ddf24 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"69ddf24\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a8b098d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a8b098d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"my-tests\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-734ca49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"734ca49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><div id=\"nse_grid_6a1a889b907f5\" class=\"nse-tests-shortcode-wrapper\"><script>\n        if (typeof nseShowUpsell === 'undefined') {\n            function nseShowUpsell(btn) {\n                var msg = btn.getAttribute('data-upsell') || '\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0641\u0644\u0629. \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629.';\n                if (typeof Swal !== 'undefined') {\n                    Swal.fire({\n                        title: '\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629',\n                        html: '<div style=\"font-size:14px; line-height:1.6; color:#475569;\">' + msg + '<\/div>',\n                        confirmButtonText: '\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0627\u064b',\n                        confirmButtonColor: '#3b82f6',\n                        iconHtml: '<span style=\"font-size:40px; border:none;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span>',\n                        customClass: { icon: 'border-0', popup: 'nse-swal-popup' }\n                    });\n                } else {\n                    alert(msg);\n                }\n            }\n        }\n        <\/script><div class=\"nse-tests-grid\"><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card \" style=\"position:relative; \" data-test-id=\"14703\" data-allowed=\"1\"><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">6<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628!<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0643 \u0647\u064a:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644<\/strong> \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/strong> \u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u064f\u062a\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 <span style=\"color: red\">\u0623\u0632\u0631\u0642<\/span>\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0647\u064a <strong>\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631<\/strong> (\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0631) \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0632\u0631\u0642 (\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629).\r\n\r\n<strong>\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\ud83d\udd34 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\ud83d\udd35 \u0623\u0632\u0631\u0642<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\ud83d\udfe2 \u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\ud83d\udfe1 \u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646. \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0651\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 <em>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/em> \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646!\r\n\r\n<strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/strong><\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Stroop, J. R. (1935).<\/strong> Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions. <em>Journal of Experimental Psychology, 18<\/em>(6), 643\u2013662.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>MacLeod, C. M. (1991).<\/strong> Half a century of research on the Stroop effect: An integrative review. <em>Psychological Bulletin, 109<\/em>(2), 163\u2013203.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Miyake, A., et al. (2000).<\/strong> The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex frontal lobe tasks. <em>Cognitive Psychology, 41<\/em>(1), 49\u2013100.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Kane, M. J., &amp; Engle, R. W. (2003).<\/strong> Working-memory capacity and the control of attention. <em>Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 132<\/em>(1), 47\u201370.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Botvinick, M. M., et al. (2001).<\/strong> Conflict monitoring and cognitive control. <em>Psychological Review, 108<\/em>(3), 624\u2013652.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" class=\"nse-trigger-drawer-link\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 6 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" class=\"nse-grid-btn nse-trigger-drawer-link\">\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative;  filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"15410\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">11<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \"\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629\"<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0633\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u2014 \u062b\u0642 \u0628\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629:<\/strong> \u0633\u062a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631.<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Gottschaldt, K. (1926).<\/strong> \u00dcber den Einfluss der Erfahrung auf die Wahrnehmung von Figuren. <em>Psychologische Forschung<\/em>, 8, 261\u2013317.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Witkin, H. A., et al. (1971).<\/strong> <em>A Manual for the Embedded Figures Tests.<\/em> Consulting Psychologists Press.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Farah, M. J. (2000).<\/strong> <em>The Cognitive Neuroscience of Vision.<\/em> Blackwell Publishers.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Kanwisher, N., &amp; Yovel, G. (2006).<\/strong> The fusiform face area: a cortical region specialized for the perception of faces. <em>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B<\/em>, 361(1476), 2109\u20132128.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Gauthier, I., &amp; Tarr, M. J. (2002).<\/strong> Unraveling mechanisms for expert object recognition: Bridging brain activity and behavior. <em>Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance<\/em>, 28(2), 431\u2013446.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0650\u0651\u062a\u0629. \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 11 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative;  filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"15409\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">9<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u0643 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 <strong>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/strong> \u2014 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062c\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635\u0629.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0651\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0639\u0644 \u2014 \u062b\u0642 \u0628\u062d\u062f\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062d:<\/strong> \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629!\r\n\r\n\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Kanizsa, G. (1979).<\/strong> <em>Organization in Vision: Essays on Gestalt Perception.<\/em> Praeger Publishers. \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0644\u062a.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Gollin, E. S. (1960).<\/strong> Developmental studies of visual recognition of incomplete objects. <em>Perceptual and Motor Skills, 11<\/em>(3), 289\u2013298. \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Snodgrass, J. G., &amp; Vanderwart, M. (1980).<\/strong> A standardized set of 260 pictures. <em>Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 6<\/em>(2), 174\u2013215.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Luria, A. R. (1973).<\/strong> <em>The Working Brain.<\/em> Basic Books. \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Warrington, E. K., &amp; Taylor, A. M. (1973).<\/strong> The contribution of the right parietal lobe to object recognition. <em>Cortex, 9<\/em>(2), 152\u2013164.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0650\u0633 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0651\u0646\u0629.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 9 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative;  filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"15408\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">10<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\">\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong>.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0633\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0643 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0645\u0650\u0651\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0643 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0639\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629:<\/strong> \u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629.<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Raven, J. C. (1936).<\/strong> <em>Mental Tests Used in Genetic Studies<\/em>. University of London \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Dehaene, S. et al. (2001).<\/strong> Towards a cognitive neuroscience of consciousness. <em>Cognition<\/em>, 79(1-2), 1-37 \u2014 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Duncan, J. (2010).<\/strong> The multiple-demand (MD) system of the primate brain. <em>Trends in Cognitive Sciences<\/em>, 14(4), 172-179 \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Colom, R. et al. (2004).<\/strong> Working memory is (almost) perfectly predicted by g. <em>Intelligence<\/em>, 32(3), 277-296 \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 10 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative;  filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"15407\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">12<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631: \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0633\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u2014 <strong>\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0651\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/strong>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0638\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b <strong>\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621<\/strong>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0643: \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u2014 \u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0641\u0638\u062a\u0647.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<em>\u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629: \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631.<\/em><\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062f<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Yovel, G., &amp; Duchaine, B. (2006). <em>Specialized face perception mechanisms extract both part and spacing information: Evidence from developmental prosopagnosia.<\/em> Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 18(4), 580\u2013593.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Cohen, G., &amp; Burke, D. M. (1993). <em>Memory for proper names: A review.<\/em> Memory, 1(4), 249\u2013263.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Br\u00e9dart, S., &amp; Valentine, T. (1998). <em>Descriptiveness and proper name retrieval.<\/em> Memory, 6(2), 199\u2013206.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Bruce, V., &amp; Young, A. W. (1986). <em>Understanding face recognition.<\/em> British Journal of Psychology, 77(3), 305\u2013327.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Cabeza, R., &amp; Nyberg, L. (2000). <em>Imaging cognition II: An empirical review of 275 PET and fMRI studies.<\/em> Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 12(1), 1\u201347.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0632\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 12 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative;  filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"15406\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">16<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><h3>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\r\n\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0633\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0641\u0651\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0643 \u0647\u064a \u0641\u0643\u0651 \u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0644\u0629.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0651\u0647:<\/strong> \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u064a\u064f\u062d\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0643\u0644\u064c\u0651 \u0645\u0646 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u062a\u0643.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0637\u0628\u0651\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062b\u0642\u0629.<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><h4>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Luria, A. R. (1973). <em>The Working Brain: An Introduction to Neuropsychology<\/em>. Basic Books.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Dehaene, S., Changeux, J. P., &amp; Nadal, J. P. (1987). Neural networks that learn temporal sequences by selection. <em>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences<\/em>, 84(9), 2727\u20132731.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Miyake, A., et al. (2000). The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex frontal lobe tasks. <em>Cognitive Psychology<\/em>, 41(1), 49\u2013100.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Carroll, J. B. (1993). <em>Human Cognitive Abilities: A Survey of Factor-Analytic Studies<\/em>. Cambridge University Press.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Baddeley, A. D. (2012). Working memory: Theories, models, and controversies. <em>Annual Review of Psychology<\/em>, 63, 1\u201329.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0643\u0651 \u0634\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 16 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative;  filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"15403\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">16<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0633\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0643 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0647.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629:<\/strong> \u064a\u064f\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u064a.<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062f:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Raven, J. C. (1938). <em>Progressive Matrices: A Perceptual Test of Intelligence<\/em>. London: H. K. Lewis.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Raven, J., Raven, J. C., &amp; Court, J. H. (2003). <em>Manual for Raven's Progressive Matrices and Vocabulary Scales<\/em>. San Antonio, TX: Harcourt Assessment.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Carpenter, P. A., Just, M. A., &amp; Shell, P. (1990). What one intelligence test measures: A theoretical account of the processing in the Raven Progressive Matrices Test. <em>Psychological Review<\/em>, 97(3), 404\u2013431.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Spearman, C. (1927). <em>The Abilities of Man: Their Nature and Measurement<\/em>. New York: Macmillan.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Cattell, R. B. (1963). Theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence: A critical experiment. <em>Journal of Educational Psychology<\/em>, 54(1), 1\u201322.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Snow, R. E., Kyllonen, P. C., &amp; Marshalek, B. (1984). The topography of ability and learning correlations. In R. J. Sternberg (Ed.), <em>Advances in the Psychology of Human Intelligence<\/em> (Vol. 2, pp. 47\u2013103). Erlbaum.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 16 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative;  filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"15402\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">9<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0633\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0643 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u061b \u0641\u0643\u0651\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0629.<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062f<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Spearman, C. (1904). <em>\"General Intelligence,\" Objectively Determined and Measured.<\/em> American Journal of Psychology, 15(2), 201\u2013292.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Cattell, R. B. (1963). <em>Theory of Fluid and Crystallized Intelligence: A Critical Experiment.<\/em> Journal of Educational Psychology, 54(1), 1\u201322.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Raven, J. C. (1941). <em>Standardization of Progressive Matrices.<\/em> British Journal of Medical Psychology, 19, 137\u2013150.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Sternberg, R. J. (1977). <em>Intelligence, Information Processing, and Analogical Reasoning: The Componential Analysis of Human Abilities.<\/em> Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Gentner, D. (1983). <em>Structure-Mapping: A Theoretical Framework for Analogy.<\/em> Cognitive Science, 7(2), 155\u2013170.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Holyoak, K. J., &amp; Thagard, P. (1995). <em>Mental Leaps: Analogy in Creative Thought.<\/em> MIT Press.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 9 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative;  filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"15401\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">10<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0643\u0651\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631:<\/strong> \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u062a\u0643 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644.<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Piaget, J. (1952).<\/strong> <em>The Origins of Intelligence in Children.<\/em> International Universities Press. \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Dehaene, S. (1997).<\/strong> <em>The Number Sense: How the Mind Creates Mathematics.<\/em> Oxford University Press. \u2014 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Houd\u00e9, O., &amp; Borst, G. (2015).<\/strong> Evidence for an inhibitory-control theory of the reasoning brain. <em>Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 9<\/em>, 148. \u2014 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Starkey, P., &amp; Cooper, R. G. (1980).<\/strong> Perception of numbers by human infants. <em>Science, 210<\/em>(4473), 1033\u20131035. \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Mayer, R. E. (2009).<\/strong> <em>Multimedia Learning<\/em> (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u064f\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0645 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 10 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative;  filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"15400\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">11<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0633\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0643 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0651\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u061b \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0647.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<em>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \"\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\" \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u064b.<\/em><\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Shepard, R. N., &amp; Metzler, J. (1971).<\/strong> Mental rotation of three-dimensional objects. <em>Science<\/em>, 171(3972), 701\u2013703.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Linn, M. C., &amp; Petersen, A. C. (1985).<\/strong> Emergence and characterization of sex differences in spatial ability: A meta-analysis. <em>Child Development<\/em>, 56(6), 1479\u20131498.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Hegarty, M., &amp; Waller, D. (2004).<\/strong> A dissociation between mental rotation and perspective-taking spatial abilities. <em>Intelligence<\/em>, 32(2), 175\u2013191.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Uttal, D. H., et al. (2013).<\/strong> The malleability of spatial skills: A meta-analysis of training studies. <em>Psychological Bulletin<\/em>, 139(2), 352\u2013402.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Carroll, J. B. (1993).<\/strong> <em>Human cognitive abilities: A survey of factor-analytic studies.<\/em> Cambridge University Press.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 11 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative;  filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"15399\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">9<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u00ab\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u00bb<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0633\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0643 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u064e\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u062a\u064e\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0633\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0641\u0642 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623<\/strong> (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646)\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0642 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628<\/strong> (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644).<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0623\u062c\u0650\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644\u0629\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062e\u0637\u0623\u064b.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u0643 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<em>\u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u00ab\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623\u00bb \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u064b.<\/em><\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Monsell, S. (2003).<\/strong> Task switching. <em>Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 7<\/em>(3), 134\u2013140.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Miyake, A., et al. (2000).<\/strong> The unity and diversity of executive functions. <em>Cognitive Psychology, 41<\/em>(1), 49\u2013100.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Rogers, R. D., &amp; Monsell, S. (1995).<\/strong> Costs of a predictable switch between simple cognitive tasks. <em>Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 124<\/em>(2), 207\u2013231.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Mayr, U., &amp; Keele, S. W. (2000).<\/strong> Changing internal constraints on action: The role of backward inhibition. <em>Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 129<\/em>(1), 4\u201326.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Rubinstein, J. S., Meyer, D. E., &amp; Evans, J. E. (2001).<\/strong> Executive control of cognitive processes in task switching. <em>Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 27<\/em>(4), 763\u2013797.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u00ab\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u00bb \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 9 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative;  filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"15398\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u0628\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">9<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0633\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0643 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0642\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0635\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629:<\/strong> \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Benton, A. L., Sivan, A. B., Hamsher, K., Varney, N. R., &amp; Spreen, O. (1994).<\/strong> <em>Contributions to Neuropsychological Assessment: A Clinical Manual<\/em> (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Benton, A. L., Varney, N. R., &amp; Hamsher, K. (1978).<\/strong> Visuospatial judgment: A clinical test. <em>Archives of Neurology, 35<\/em>(6), 364\u2013367.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Levin, H. S., Hamsher, K., &amp; Benton, A. L. (1975).<\/strong> A short form of the Test of Facial Recognition for clinical use. <em>Journal of Psychology, 91<\/em>, 223\u2013228.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Trahan, D. E., &amp; Stricklin, A. B. (2000).<\/strong> Performance on the Judgment of Line Orientation Test as a function of stimulus type and age. <em>Applied Neuropsychology, 7<\/em>(3), 176\u2013180.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Ska, B., Poissant, A., &amp; Joanette, Y. (1990).<\/strong> Line orientation judgment in normal elderly and subjects with dementia of Alzheimer's type. <em>Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 12<\/em>(5), 695\u2013702.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u0628\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0645\u0646.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 9 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative; display:none; filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"15397\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">10<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0643 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a) \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644 <strong>\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0647<\/strong>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0623\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0648\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629:<\/strong> \u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0631.<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Corsi, P. M. (1972).<\/strong> Human memory and the medial temporal region of the brain. <em>McGill University, Montreal.<\/em><\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Milner, B. (1971).<\/strong> Interhemispheric differences in the localization of psychological processes in man. <em>British Medical Bulletin, 27(3), 272\u2013277.<\/em><\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Kessels, R. P. C., van Zandvoort, M. J. E., Postma, A., Kappelle, L. J., &amp; de Haan, E. H. F. (2000).<\/strong> The Corsi Block-Tapping Task: Standardization and normative data. <em>Applied Neuropsychology, 7(4), 252\u2013258.<\/em><\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Vandierendonck, A., Kemps, E., Fastame, M. C., &amp; Szmalec, A. (2004).<\/strong> Working memory components of the Corsi blocks task. <em>British Journal of Psychology, 95(1), 57\u201379.<\/em><\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Wilde, N. J., Strauss, E., &amp; Tulsky, D. S. (2004).<\/strong> Memory span on the Wechsler Scales. <em>Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 26(4), 539\u2013549.<\/em><\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d. \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 10 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative; display:none; filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"15396\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">8<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0633\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0643 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0646 <strong>\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064e\u064a\u0646<\/strong> \u0623\u0645 <strong>\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064e\u064a\u0646<\/strong> (\u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629).\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 <strong>\u00ab\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0646\u00bb<\/strong> \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645\u0627.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 <strong>\u00ab\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646\u00bb<\/strong> \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629:<\/strong> \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u062d\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Shepard, R. N., &amp; Metzler, J. (1971).<\/strong> Mental rotation of three-dimensional objects. <em>Science<\/em>, 171(3972), 701\u2013703.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Cooper, L. A., &amp; Shepard, R. N. (1973).<\/strong> Chronometric studies of the rotation of mental images. In W. G. Chase (Ed.), <em>Visual Information Processing<\/em>. Academic Press.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Vandenberg, S. G., &amp; Kuse, A. R. (1978).<\/strong> Mental rotations, a group test of three-dimensional spatial visualization. <em>Perceptual and Motor Skills<\/em>, 47(2), 599\u2013604.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Peters, M., et al. (1995).<\/strong> A redrawn Vandenberg and Kuse Mental Rotations Test: Different versions and factors that affect performance. <em>Brain and Cognition<\/em>, 28(1), 39\u201358.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Zacks, J. M. (2008).<\/strong> Neuroimaging studies of mental rotation: A meta-analysis and review. <em>Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience<\/em>, 20(1), 1\u201319.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 8 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative; display:none; filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"15395\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">7<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0633\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0651\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0623\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0647.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0634\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u064a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0651\u0631:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0651\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Miller, G. A. (1956).<\/strong> The magical number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information. <em>Psychological Review, 63<\/em>(2), 81\u201397.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Wechsler, D. (2008).<\/strong> Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale \u2013 Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV). Pearson Assessment.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Baddeley, A. D., &amp; Hitch, G. (1974).<\/strong> Working memory. In G. H. Bower (Ed.), <em>The Psychology of Learning and Motivation<\/em> (Vol. 8, pp. 47\u201389). Academic Press.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Cowan, N. (2001).<\/strong> The magical number 4 in short-term memory: A reconsideration of mental storage capacity. <em>Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 24<\/em>(1), 87\u2013114.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Engle, R. W. (2002).<\/strong> Working memory capacity as executive attention. <em>Current Directions in Psychological Science, 11<\/em>(1), 19\u201323.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0651\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 7 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative; display:none; filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"15394\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">4<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\">\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/strong>.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0633\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a <strong>\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635<\/strong> \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0643 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631:<\/strong> \u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u062f\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b.<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Raven, J. C. (1936).<\/strong> <em>Mental tests used in genetic studies<\/em>. University of London. \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u064a.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Baddeley, A. D. (2012).<\/strong> Working memory: Theories, models, and controversies. <em>Annual Review of Psychology, 63<\/em>, 1\u201329. \u2014 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0623\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Palmer, S. E. (1999).<\/strong> <em>Vision Science: Photons to Phenomenology.<\/em> MIT Press. \u2014 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Kanizsa, G. (1979).<\/strong> <em>Organization in Vision: Essays on Gestalt Perception.<\/em> Praeger. \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Duncan, J. (2010).<\/strong> The multiple-demand (MD) system of the primate brain. <em>Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 14<\/em>(4), 172\u2013179. \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 4 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative; display:none; filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"15388\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a (PAL)<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">10<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a (PAL)<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0633\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646). \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0643 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631-\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0633\u064a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623\u060c \u0633\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0651\u0631:<\/strong> \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0644\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u0647.<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Sahakian, B.J., &amp; Owen, A.M. (1992).<\/strong> Computerized assessment in neuropsychiatry using CANTAB. <em>Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 85<\/em>(7), 399\u2013402.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Owen, A.M., et al. (1995).<\/strong> Contrasting mechanisms of impaired attentional set-shifting in patients with frontal lobe damage or Parkinson's disease. <em>Brain, 118<\/em>(5), 1159\u20131175.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>de Rover, M., et al. (2012).<\/strong> Cholinergic enhancement of visuospatial paired associate learning in cognitively intact patients. <em>Neuropsychologia, 50<\/em>(10), 2410\u20132418.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Swainson, R., et al. (2001).<\/strong> Probabilistic learning and reversal deficits in patients with Parkinson's disease or frontal or temporal lobe lesions. <em>Brain, 124<\/em>(9), 1787\u20131800.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Barnett, J.H., et al. (2010).<\/strong> Cognitive reserve moderates the association between genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease and its biomarkers. <em>Psychological Medicine, 40<\/em>(9), 1483\u20131490.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a (PAL)<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 CANTAB \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064f\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 10 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative; display:none; filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"15387\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">6<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0633\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0646\u0645\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0643 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0633\u062a\u064f\u062d\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u064d\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u062a\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0647:<\/strong> \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629.<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062f:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Spearman, C. (1904).<\/strong> \"General Intelligence, Objectively Determined and Measured.\" <em>American Journal of Psychology<\/em>, 15(2), 201\u2013293.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Raven, J. C. (1938).<\/strong> <em>Progressive Matrices: A Perceptual Test of Intelligence.<\/em> London: H. K. Lewis.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Cattell, R. B. (1963).<\/strong> \"Theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence.\" <em>Journal of Educational Psychology<\/em>, 54(1), 1\u201322.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Carroll, J. B. (1993).<\/strong> <em>Human Cognitive Abilities: A Survey of Factor-Analytic Studies.<\/em> Cambridge University Press.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Primi, R. (2002).<\/strong> \"Complexity of geometric inductive reasoning tasks.\" <em>Intelligence<\/em>, 30(1), 41\u201370.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0630\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 6 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative; display:none; filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"15379\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0637 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0631-\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0631<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">9<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631:<\/strong> \u0633\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0651\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064e\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0631-\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0627.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064e\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u064e\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0623\u0634\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0644\u0643 <strong>\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064e\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0651\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u064e\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 <strong>\u00ab\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0646\u00bb<\/strong>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0633 \u0628\u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u061b \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0643\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0628 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0644.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629:<\/strong> \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u00ab\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629\u00bb \u0623\u0648 \u00ab\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629\u00bb \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u061b \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0651\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a.<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><ul>\r\n \t<li>M\u00fcller-Lyer, F. C. (1889). <em>Optische Urteilst\u00e4uschungen.<\/em> Archiv f\u00fcr Anatomie und Physiologie, Physiologische Abteilung, 2, 263\u2013270.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Gregory, R. L. (1963). Distortion of visual space as inappropriate constancy scaling. <em>Nature, 199<\/em>(4894), 678\u2013680.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Segall, M. H., Campbell, D. T., &amp; Herskovits, M. J. (1966). <em>The Influence of Culture on Visual Perception.<\/em> Bobbs-Merrill.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Coren, S., &amp; Girgus, J. S. (1978). <em>Seeing is Deceiving: The Psychology of Visual Illusions.<\/em> Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Zanker, J. M., &amp; Quenzer, J. (1999). Scaling of the M\u00fcller-Lyer illusion. <em>Perception, 28<\/em>(9), 1153\u20131161.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0637 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0631-\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0631<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0651\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0631-\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0636\u0644\u0650\u0651\u0644\u0629. \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 9 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative; display:none; filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"14704\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u063a\u0631<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">3<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u063a\u0631<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0633\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0643 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0643 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 <strong>1<\/strong> \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u0639\u0643 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626 \u0633\u064a\u064f\u062d\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062e\u0637\u0623\u064b \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u064b.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629:<\/strong> \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Schulte, R. W. (1920). <em>Versuch einer Theorie der paranoia<\/em>. Schulte Original Grid Design.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Taub, G. E., &amp; McGrew, K. S. (2004). A confirmatory factor analysis of Cattell-Horn-Carroll theory and cross-age invariance of the Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Cognitive Abilities III. <em>School Psychology Quarterly<\/em>, 19(1), 72\u201387.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Luria, A. R. (1973). <em>The Working Brain: An Introduction to Neuropsychology<\/em>. Basic Books.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Zillmer, E. A., Spiers, M. V., &amp; Culbertson, W. (2008). <em>Principles of Neuropsychology<\/em> (2nd ed.). Wadsworth Publishing.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Brickenkamp, R. (2002). <em>Test d2: Aufmerksamkeits-Belastungs-Test<\/em>. Hogrefe.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Strauss, E., Sherman, E. M. S., &amp; Spreen, O. (2006). <em>A Compendium of Neuropsychological Tests<\/em> (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u063a\u0631<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a. \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 3 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative; display:none; filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"14702\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">6<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0643 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0643 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 <strong>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 1 \u0625\u0644\u0649 25 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 1 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062b\u0645 2\u060c \u062b\u0645 3\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 25.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<em>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629: \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a.<\/em><\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Schulte, R. (1920).<\/strong> <em>Uebungshefte f\u00fcr den Arbeitsunterricht.<\/em> Marhold, Halle. \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Luria, A.R. (1973).<\/strong> <em>The Working Brain: An Introduction to Neuropsychology.<\/em> Basic Books, New York.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Brickenkamp, R. (2002).<\/strong> <em>Test d2 \u2013 Aufmerksamkeits- und Konzentrationstest.<\/em> Hogrefe, G\u00f6ttingen.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Gopher, D., &amp; Donchin, E. (1986).<\/strong> Workload: An examination of the concept. In K.R. Boff et al. (Eds.), <em>Handbook of Perception and Human Performance<\/em>, Vol. 2. Wiley.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Taub, G.E., &amp; McGrew, K.S. (2004).<\/strong> A confirmatory factor analysis of Cattell-Horn-Carroll theory and cross-age invariance of the Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Cognitive Abilities III. <em>School Psychology Quarterly, 19<\/em>(1), 72\u201387.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Strauss, E., Sherman, E.M.S., &amp; Spreen, O. (2006).<\/strong> <em>A Compendium of Neuropsychological Tests.<\/em> Oxford University Press.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 6 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative; display:none; filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"14701\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a-\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">9<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a-\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 <strong>\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/strong> (\u0645\u0646 1 \u0625\u0644\u0649 25) \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 <strong>\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/strong> (\u0645\u0646 1 \u0625\u0644\u0649 24) \u0645\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644.\r\n\r\n<strong>\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f <strong>1<\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 <strong>24<\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f <strong>2<\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 <strong>23<\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0628: \u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u2190 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u062a\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0623\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0643\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u062a\u0643<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0639: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 <strong>\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/strong>.<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Schulte, R. W. (1936). <em>Schulte Tables and their use in experimental psychology<\/em>. Leipzig: Barth Verlag.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Gorbov, F. D. (1959). <em>Determination of temporal characteristics of mental activity<\/em>. Problems of Psychology, 5, 98\u2013105.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Luria, A. R. (1973). <em>The Working Brain: An Introduction to Neuropsychology<\/em>. New York: Basic Books.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Miyake, A., Friedman, N. P., Emerson, M. J., Witzki, A. H., &amp; Howerter, A. (2000). The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex frontal lobe tasks. <em>Cognitive Psychology, 41<\/em>(1), 49\u2013100.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Shallice, T., &amp; Burgess, P. (1991). Deficits in strategy application following frontal lobe damage in man. <em>Brain, 114<\/em>(2), 727\u2013741.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Zelazo, P. D., &amp; M\u00fcller, U. (2002). Executive function in typical and atypical development. In U. Goswami (Ed.), <em>Blackwell Handbook of Childhood Cognitive Development<\/em> (pp. 445\u2013469). Blackwell.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a-\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a-\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064e\u064a\u0646 (\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 9 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative; display:none; filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"14700\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">4<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0633\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u064a\u064f\u062d\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u062e\u0637\u0623\u064b.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0633\u064a\u064f\u0643\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0635\u062d \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b.<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062f:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Galton, F. (1889).<\/strong> <em>Natural Inheritance.<\/em> Macmillan \u2014 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Donders, F. C. (1969).<\/strong> On the speed of mental processes. <em>Acta Psychologica, 30,<\/em> 412\u2013431 \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Jensen, A. R. (2006).<\/strong> <em>Clocking the Mind: Mental Chronometry and Individual Differences.<\/em> Elsevier \u2014 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Luce, R. D. (1986).<\/strong> <em>Response Times: Their Role in Inferring Elementary Mental Organization.<\/em> Oxford University Press \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Kosinski, R. J. (2013).<\/strong> A literature review on reaction time. <em>Clemson University<\/em> \u2014 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a. \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 4 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative; display:none; filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"14699\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">5<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0633\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 (\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646).<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0643 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 <strong>\u0641\u0642\u0637<\/strong> \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/strong> \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0633\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<em>\u062a\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0647: \u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a.<\/em><\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Donders, F. C. (1969). <em>On the speed of mental processes.<\/em> Acta Psychologica, 30, 412\u2013431. (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a 1868)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Luce, R. D. (1986). <em>Response Times: Their Role in Inferring Elementary Mental Organization.<\/em> Oxford University Press.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Posner, M. I. (1978). <em>Chronometric Explorations of Mind.<\/em> Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Jensen, A. R. (2006). <em>Clocking the Mind: Mental Chronometry and Individual Differences.<\/em> Elsevier.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Rabbitt, P. (1979). How old and young subjects monitor and control responses for accuracy and speed. <em>British Journal of Psychology<\/em>, 70(3), 305\u2013311.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629. \u064a\u064f\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0645 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 5 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative; display:none; filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"14698\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">5<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0633\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0643 \u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062b\u0631\u0629. \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0643 \u0647\u064a:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 <strong>(\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641)<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u0631 <strong>\u00ab\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u00bb<\/strong>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u062a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u064b.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0634\u0639\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u00ab\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u00bb<\/strong> \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u064b.<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Treisman, A. M., &amp; Gelade, G. (1980).<\/strong> A feature-integration theory of attention. <em>Cognitive Psychology, 12<\/em>(1), 97\u2013136.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Wolfe, J. M. (1994).<\/strong> Guided Search 2.0: A revised model of visual search. <em>Psychonomic Bulletin &amp; Review, 1<\/em>(2), 202\u2013238.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Duncan, J., &amp; Humphreys, G. W. (1989).<\/strong> Visual search and stimulus similarity. <em>Psychological Review, 96<\/em>(3), 433\u2013458.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Nakayama, K., &amp; Silverman, G. H. (1986).<\/strong> Serial and parallel processing of visual feature conjunctions. <em>Nature, 320<\/em>, 264\u2013265.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Itti, L., &amp; Koch, C. (2001).<\/strong> Computational modelling of visual attention. <em>Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2<\/em>(3), 194\u2013203.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 5 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative; display:none; filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"14697\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u0625\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">5<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639. \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0643 \u0647\u064a:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u0631 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641<\/strong>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0639<\/strong> \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u0643 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631\u061b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0633\u0651\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0630 \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u0631 <strong>\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/strong>.<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Riccio, C. A., Reynolds, C. R., &amp; Lowe, P. A. (2001).<\/strong> <em>Clinical applications of continuous performance tests.<\/em> John Wiley &amp; Sons.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Conners, C. K. (1994).<\/strong> <em>The Continuous Performance Test (CPT): Use as a diagnostic tool and measure of treatment outcome.<\/em> Presented at the American Psychological Association Annual Convention.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Rosvold, H. E., et al. (1956).<\/strong> A continuous performance test of brain damage. <em>Journal of Consulting Psychology, 20(5), 343\u2013350.<\/em><\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Ballard, J. C. (2001).<\/strong> Assessing attention: Comparison of response-inhibition and traditional continuous performance tests. <em>Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 23(3), 331\u2013350.<\/em><\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Warm, J. S., Parasuraman, R., &amp; Matthews, G. (2008).<\/strong> Vigilance requires hard mental work and is stressful. <em>Human Factors, 50(3), 433\u2013441.<\/em><\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u0625\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0643\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 5 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative; display:none; filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"14696\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">7<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0628\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644. \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0643 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0642\u0629.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632\u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062d:<\/strong> \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0643.<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Wechsler, D. (2008).<\/strong> Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale\u2013Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV). San Antonio, TX: Pearson.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Smith, A. (1982).<\/strong> Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT). Western Psychological Services.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Lezak, M. D., Howieson, D. B., Bigler, E. D., &amp; Tranel, D. (2012).<\/strong> Neuropsychological Assessment (5th ed.). Oxford University Press.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Forn, C., et al. (2011).<\/strong> Validity of the Symbol Digit Modalities Test as a marker of cognitive processing speed in multiple sclerosis. <em>Multiple Sclerosis Journal<\/em>, 17(12), 1507\u20131513.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Stroop, J. R. (1935).<\/strong> Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions. <em>Journal of Experimental Psychology<\/em>, 18(6), 643\u2013662.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646. \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 7 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative; display:none; filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"14695\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u062c \u0647\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">12<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u062c \u0647\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u062c\u062f \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649.\r\n\r\n<strong>\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0643:<\/strong> \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628.\r\n\r\n<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0642\u0631\u0635 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0642\u0631\u0635 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629:<\/strong> \u0641\u0643\u0651\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u062a.<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Simon, H. A. (1975).<\/strong> The functional equivalence of problem solving skills. <em>Cognitive Psychology, 7<\/em>(2), 268\u2013288.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Shallice, T. (1982).<\/strong> Specific impairments of planning. <em>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences, 298<\/em>(1089), 199\u2013209.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Anderson, J. R., Kushmerick, N., &amp; Lebiere, C. (1993).<\/strong> Tower of Hanoi and goal structures. In <em>Rules of the Mind<\/em>. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Welsh, M. C., Satterlee-Cartmell, T., &amp; Stine, M. (1999).<\/strong> Towers of Hanoi and London: Contribution of working memory and inhibition to performance. <em>Brain and Cognition, 41<\/em>(2), 231\u2013242.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Miyake, A., et al. (2000).<\/strong> The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex frontal lobe tasks. <em>Cognitive Psychology, 41<\/em>(1), 49\u2013100.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u062c \u0647\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u062c \u0647\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0645 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 12 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative; display:none; filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"14694\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0631<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">6<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0641 \u0623\u0641\u0642\u064a. \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0643 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0641\u0642\u0637<\/strong> \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u2190<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0645\u0646<\/strong> \u0623\u0648 \u0632\u0631 <strong>\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646<\/strong>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u2192<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0633\u0631<\/strong> \u0623\u0648 \u0632\u0631 <strong>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631<\/strong>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0627\u062a:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642:<\/strong> \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u2014 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: \u2190 \u2190 \u2190 \u2190 \u2190<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u2014 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: \u2192 \u2192 \u2190 \u2192 \u2192<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u2014 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: \u2014 \u2014 \u2190 \u2014 \u2014<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629. <strong>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062e\u062f\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629!<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<em>\u062a\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0647:<\/em> \u0643\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646\u064d \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Eriksen, B. A., &amp; Eriksen, C. W. (1974).<\/strong> Effects of noise letters upon the identification of a target letter in a nonsearch task. <em>Perception &amp; Psychophysics, 16<\/em>(1), 143\u2013149.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Fan, J., McCandliss, B. D., Sommer, T., Raz, A., &amp; Posner, M. I. (2002).<\/strong> Testing the efficiency and independence of attentional networks. <em>Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 14<\/em>(3), 340\u2013347.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Botvinick, M. M., Braver, T. S., Barch, D. M., Carter, C. S., &amp; Cohen, J. D. (2001).<\/strong> Conflict monitoring and cognitive control. <em>Psychological Review, 108<\/em>(3), 624\u2013652.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Nigg, J. T. (2000).<\/strong> On inhibition\/disinhibition in developmental psychopathology: views from cognitive and personality psychology and a working inhibition taxonomy. <em>Psychological Bulletin, 126<\/em>(2), 220\u2013246.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Friedman, N. P., &amp; Miyake, A. (2004).<\/strong> The relations among inhibition and interference control functions: a latent-variable analysis. <em>Cognitive Psychology, 49<\/em>(3), 222\u2013271.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0631<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a. \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 6 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative; display:none; filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"14693\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u0625\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">11<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 (Trail Making Test)<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0623\u064a\u0646:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0623:<\/strong> \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 1 \u0625\u0644\u0649 25 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0628:<\/strong> \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 (1 - \u0623 - 2 - \u0628 - 3 - \u062c...) \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u062a \u062e\u0637\u0623\u060c \u0633\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0628\u0651\u0647\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0639\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0625\u0635\u0628\u0639\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<em>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623<\/strong> \u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631.<\/em><\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Reitan, R. M. (1958).<\/strong> Validity of the Trail Making Test as an indicator of organic brain damage. <em>Perceptual and Motor Skills, 8<\/em>(3), 271\u2013276.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Tombaugh, T. N. (2004).<\/strong> Trail Making Test A and B: Normative data stratified by age and education. <em>Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 19<\/em>(2), 203\u2013214.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Arbuthnott, K., &amp; Frank, J. (2000).<\/strong> Trail Making Test, Part B as a measure of executive control: Validation using a set-switching paradigm. <em>Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 22<\/em>(4), 518\u2013528.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Strauss, E., Sherman, E. M. S., &amp; Spreen, O. (2006).<\/strong> <em>A Compendium of Neuropsychological Tests: Administration, Norms, and Commentary<\/em> (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u0625\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 11 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative; display:none; filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"14692\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">10<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646!<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0643 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0645<\/strong> \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0633\u0631<\/strong>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0645\u0646<\/strong>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b<\/strong> \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0647.\r\n\r\n\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 <strong>\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b<\/strong> \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646. \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0647\u0644\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0647) \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0639\u0628 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0647).\r\n\r\n\u0633\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0648\u0651\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629.<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Simon, J. R., &amp; Rudell, A. P. (1967).<\/strong> Auditory S-R compatibility: The effect of an irrelevant cue on information processing. <em>Journal of Applied Psychology, 51<\/em>(3), 300\u2013304.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Lu, C. H., &amp; Proctor, R. W. (1995).<\/strong> The influence of irrelevant location information on performance: A review of the Simon and spatial Stroop effects. <em>Psychonomic Bulletin &amp; Review, 2<\/em>(2), 174\u2013207.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Hommel, B. (2011).<\/strong> The Simon effect as tool and heuristic. <em>Acta Psychologica, 136<\/em>(2), 189\u2013202.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Craft, J. L., &amp; Simon, J. R. (1970).<\/strong> Processing symbolic information from a visual display: Interference from an irrelevant directional cue. <em>Journal of Experimental Psychology, 83<\/em>(3), 415\u2013420.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0650\u0651\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647. \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u064c \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 10 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative; display:none; filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"14691\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0641\u0639\u0644 \/ \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u0644<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">6<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0641\u0639\u0644 \/ \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u0644<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629. \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0643 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0644 (Go):<\/strong> \u0627\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u0644 (No-Go):<\/strong> \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0640 No-Go.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u0643 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\u0633\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u062d\u0638\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b!<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Donders, F. C. (1969).<\/strong> On the speed of mental processes. <em>Acta Psychologica<\/em>, 30, 412\u2013431.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Aron, A. R., &amp; Poldrack, R. A. (2006).<\/strong> Cortical and subcortical contributions to Stop signal response inhibition: Role of the subthalamic nucleus. <em>Journal of Neuroscience<\/em>, 26(9), 2424\u20132433.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Nieuwenhuis, S., Ridderinkhof, K. R., de Jong, R., Kok, A., &amp; van der Molen, M. W. (2000).<\/strong> Inhibitory inefficiency and failures of intent activation: Age-related decline in the control of saccadic eye movements. <em>Psychology and Aging<\/em>, 15(4), 635\u2013647.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Hester, R., Fassbender, C., &amp; Garavan, H. (2004).<\/strong> Individual differences in error processing: A review and reanalysis of three event-related fMRI studies using the GO\/NOGO task. <em>Cerebral Cortex<\/em>, 14(9), 986\u2013994.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0641\u0639\u0644 \/ \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u0644<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629. \u064a\u064f\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 6 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative; display:none; filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"14690\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u0625\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">12<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\"><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a!<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0643 \u0647\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0632 \u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u0633\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0643 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u2014 \u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0647\u0627\u064b!<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629:<\/strong> \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u062a\u0643.<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Berg, E. A. (1948).<\/strong> A simple objective technique for measuring flexibility in thinking. <em>The Journal of General Psychology, 39<\/em>(1), 15\u201322.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Milner, B. (1963).<\/strong> Effects of different brain lesions on card sorting. <em>Archives of Neurology, 9<\/em>(1), 90\u2013100.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Heaton, R. K. (1981).<\/strong> <em>Wisconsin Card Sorting Test manual.<\/em> Psychological Assessment Resources.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Robbins, T. W. (1996).<\/strong> Dissociating executive functions of the prefrontal cortex. <em>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 351<\/em>(1346), 1463\u20131471.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Barcel\u00f3, F., &amp; Knight, R. T. (2002).<\/strong> Both random and perseverative errors underlie WCST deficits in prefrontal patients. <em>Neuropsychologia, 40<\/em>(3), 349\u2013356.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u0625\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642. \u064a\u064f\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0632 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 12 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-test-card nse-grid-card nse-locked-test\" style=\"position:relative; display:none; filter: grayscale(1); opacity: 0.85;\" data-test-id=\"14689\" data-allowed=\"0\" data-denied-msg=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><div style=\"position:absolute; top:15px; left:15px; background:rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85); color:#fff; padding:6px 12px; border-radius:20px; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; z-index:10; backdrop-filter:blur(4px); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:5px; box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px; margin-top:-2px;\">\ud83d\udd12<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/div><div class=\"nse-test-meta-data\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"nse-meta-title\">\u0625\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-cost\">13<\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-instructions\">&nbsp;\r\n<div style=\"text-align: center;margin-bottom: 30px\">\r\n\r\n<span style=\"background-color: #e0f2fe;color: #0369a1;padding: 6px 16px;border-radius: 20px;font-size: 14px;font-weight: bold;margin-bottom: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.5px\">\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a<\/span>\r\n<h2 style=\"font-size: 32px;color: #0c4a6e;margin: 10px 0 12px 0;font-weight: 800\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 (2-Back)<\/h2>\r\n<p style=\"font-size: 17px;color: #64748b;max-width: 600px;margin: 0 auto\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f8fafc 0%, #f1f5f9 100%);border-right: 5px solid #0ea5e9;padding: 20px 25px;border-radius: 12px;margin-bottom: 30px;text-align: right\">\r\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0;color: #0c4a6e;font-size: 20px;margin-bottom: 15px\">\ud83d\udca1 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628<\/h3>\r\n<ul style=\"font-size: 16px;color: #334155;line-height: 1.8;margin: 0;padding-right: 20px\">\r\n \t<li>\u0633\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 <strong>(\u062e\u0637\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641 - 2 Back)<\/strong>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631 <strong style=\"color: #0284c7\">\u0641\u0642\u0637<\/strong> \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u064a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0638\u0647\u0631 <strong>\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646<\/strong>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d:<\/strong> \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 (A \u062b\u0645 B \u062b\u0645 <strong><span style=\"color: #0ea5e9\">A<\/span><\/strong>) -&gt; \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0640 A \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646!<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-meta-references\"><ul>\r\n \t<li data-section-id=\"a51yaf\" data-start=\"228\" data-end=\"430\"><strong data-start=\"230\" data-end=\"257\">Baddeley, A. D. (2010).<\/strong><br data-start=\"257\" data-end=\"260\" \/><em data-start=\"262\" data-end=\"279\">Working memory.<\/em><br data-start=\"279\" data-end=\"282\" \/><em data-start=\"284\" data-end=\"305\">Current Biology, 20<\/em>(4), R136\u2013R140.<br data-start=\"320\" data-end=\"323\" \/>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a.<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-section-id=\"qi5dp0\" data-start=\"432\" data-end=\"623\"><strong data-start=\"434\" data-end=\"477\">Baddeley, A. D., &amp; Hitch, G. J. (1974).<\/strong><br data-start=\"477\" data-end=\"480\" \/><em data-start=\"482\" data-end=\"499\">Working memory.<\/em><br data-start=\"499\" data-end=\"502\" \/>In <em data-start=\"507\" data-end=\"550\">The psychology of learning and motivation<\/em> (Vol. 8, pp. 47\u201389).<br data-start=\"571\" data-end=\"574\" \/>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-section-id=\"4vw6b2\" data-start=\"625\" data-end=\"778\"><strong data-start=\"627\" data-end=\"648\">Cowan, N. (2008).<\/strong><br data-start=\"648\" data-end=\"651\" \/><em data-start=\"653\" data-end=\"730\">What are the differences between long-term, short-term, and working memory?<\/em><br data-start=\"730\" data-end=\"733\" \/><em data-start=\"735\" data-end=\"768\">Progress in Brain Research, 169<\/em>, 323\u2013338.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-content\"><div class=\"nse-grid-terms\"><span class=\"nse-grid-term\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nse-grid-title\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"\">\u0625\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"nse-grid-excerpt\">\"\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 N-back \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a (Gold Standard) \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 (dlPFC)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644.\" \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/div><div class=\"nse-grid-meta\"><span class=\"nse-grid-cost\">\ud83e\udde0 13 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" onclick=\"nseShowUpsell(this)\" data-upsell=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\" class=\"nse-grid-btn\">\ud83d\udd12 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 - \u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0643<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"nse_grid_6a1a889b907f5_pagination\" style=\"display:flex; justify-content:center; align-items:center; margin-top:30px; padding-bottom:10px; width:100%;\"><\/div><script>\n            document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function(){\n                var wrapper = document.getElementById(\"nse_grid_6a1a889b907f5\");\n                if (!wrapper) return;\n                var gridCards = Array.from(wrapper.querySelectorAll(\".nse-test-card\"));\n                if (gridCards.length === 0) return;\n                \n                var itemsPerPage = 12;\n                var visibleCount = itemsPerPage;\n                var container = document.getElementById(\"nse_grid_6a1a889b907f5_pagination\");\n                if (!container) return;\n\n                function renderButton() {\n                    container.innerHTML = \"\";\n                    if (visibleCount >= gridCards.length) return; \/\/ All cards are shown\n\n                    var btn = document.createElement(\"button\");\n                    btn.type = \"button\";\n                    btn.innerHTML = \"\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u2193\";\n                    btn.style.cssText = \"background:linear-gradient(135deg, #f8fafc 0%, #f1f5f9 100%); border:1px solid #cbd5e1; color:#334155; padding:10px 30px; border-radius:25px; font-family:'Tajawal', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; cursor:pointer; transition:all 0.3s ease; box-shadow:0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.05); font-size:15px;\";\n                    \n                    btn.onmouseover = function() { this.style.background = \"#e2e8f0\"; this.style.color = \"#0f172a\"; };\n                    btn.onmouseout  = function() { this.style.background = \"linear-gradient(135deg, #f8fafc 0%, #f1f5f9 100%)\"; this.style.color = \"#334155\"; };\n                    \n                    btn.onclick = function() {\n                        var start = visibleCount;\n                        visibleCount += itemsPerPage;\n                        \n                        for (var i = start; i < Math.min(visibleCount, gridCards.length); i++) {\n                            var card = gridCards[i];\n                            card.style.display = \"\";\n                            card.style.opacity = 0;\n                            card.style.transform = \"translateY(15px)\";\n                            \n                            (function(c){\n                                setTimeout(function(){\n                                    c.style.transition = \"all 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1)\";\n                                    c.style.opacity = 1;\n                                    c.style.transform = \"translateY(0)\";\n                                }, 50);\n                            })(card);\n                        }\n                        renderButton(); \/\/ Re-render to check if we should hide it\n                    };\n                    \n                    container.appendChild(btn);\n                }\n\n                renderButton();\n            });\n            <\/script><\/div><div id=\"nse-drawer-overlay\" class=\"nse-drawer-overlay\" style=\"display:none;\"><\/div><div id=\"nse-test-drawer\" class=\"nse-test-drawer nse-drawer-right\">  <a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" class=\"nse-drawer-close\">&times;<\/a>  <div class=\"nse-drawer-content\">      <h2 id=\"nse-drawer-title\"><\/h2>      <div id=\"nse-drawer-cost-badge\" class=\"nse-cost-badge\"><\/div>      <div class=\"nse-drawer-section\">          <h4 style=\"margin:0 0 10px 0; color:#4c1d95;\">\ud83d\udcdd \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/h4>          <div id=\"nse-drawer-instructions\" style=\"color:#475569; line-height:1.7;\"><\/div>      <\/div>      <div id=\"nse-drawer-ref-container\" class=\"nse-drawer-section\" style=\"display:none; background:#f0fdf4; border:1px solid #bbf7d0;\">          <h4 style=\"margin:0 0 10px 0; color:#166534;\">\ud83d\udcda \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/h4>          <div id=\"nse-drawer-references\" style=\"color:#15803d; line-height:1.7;\"><\/div>      <\/div>      <div class=\"nse-drawer-cta\" style=\"margin-top:30px; text-align:center;\">          <p id=\"nse-drawer-balance-info\" class=\"nse-balance-info\"><\/p>          <a href=\"#\" id=\"nse-drawer-start-btn\" class=\"nse-start-btn\" style=\"text-decoration:none; display:inline-block;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/a>      <\/div>  <\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0650 \u0628\u0647\u0627. \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-14709","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aimojaz.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14709","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aimojaz.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aimojaz.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aimojaz.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aimojaz.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14709"}],"version-history":[{"count":59,"href":"https:\/\/aimojaz.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14709\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16200,"href":"https:\/\/aimojaz.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14709\/revisions\/16200"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aimojaz.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14709"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}